Fast Food, Fat Profits

The narrative film Fast Food, Fat Profits is planned for investigating different issues, for example, the fundamental reasons for corpulence in the United States, the dietary patterns of American individuals, and the components that shape their dietary decisions. This film can be talked about with the assistance of edge examination created by Erving Goffman.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Fast Food, Fat Profits explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This methodology can show how the creators pass on their primary message to the watchers. Also, this film ought to be assessed from the point of view of radical uncertainty. Along these lines, one can assess the contentions or thoughts all the more basically. Initial, one can talk about social structure which infers that the occasions and patterns depicted in the film can be clarified by the activities and choices of people and associations that can get some profit by current social propensitie s (Goffman 22). For this situation, one ought to talk about the exercises of inexpensive food organizations that give items that are wealthy in calories. These ventures can engage numerous buyers since they can sell their nourishments at a much lower cost. Besides, these associations oppose the endeavors of officials to control their exercises. Aside from that, much consideration ought to be paid to the reluctance of open directors to bring issues to light about the dangers of cheap food. For example, numerous workers of the U.S. Division of Agriculture are associated with the makers of cheap food. Indeed, they can even anteroom the interests of these organizations. Along these lines, the plague of stoutness in the United States can be ascribed to the exercises of organizations just as legislative authorities who have an irreconcilable situation. This is one of the messages that this narrative film passes on. In any case, it is likewise conceivable to talk about the normal system as indicated by which the occasions ought to be viewed as undirected or unguided (Goffman 22). As such, the results ought not be ascribed to an operator that endeavors to impact the conduct of other people.Advertising Looking for basic composition on craftsmanship and plan? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This point of view can be applied to this film. For example, one can say that the pestilence of stoutness is driven by the financial imbalances in the American culture. Numerous individuals can't buy solid food items; consequently, they need to purchase inexpensive food. Moreover, numerous individuals don't think a lot about the dangers of such dietary patterns. Specifically, some of them are not completely mindful of such results as diabetes or heart infections. Hence, it isn't sensible to accuse just inexpensive food organizations or legislative authorities for the developing paces of heftiness in America. By consolidating re gular and social systems, one can contend that heftiness can be seen as the consequence of financial imbalances, the exercises of inexpensive food organizations, and people’s ways of life. Accordingly, the producers made the principle message of this narrative by utilizing common and social structures. This is one of the issues that can be recognized. Notwithstanding that, this film can be talked about from the stance of radical uncertainty. Specifically, it is conceivable to accept that individuals, who talked about the fundamental reasons for weight, had a motivation to cover or even misshape data. For example, one can assume that a few pundits of these items were partnered with certain contenders of cheap food organizations. In this manner, they could be propelled to blame these organizations for different medical issues looked by American individuals. Hence, the act of radical uncertainty can assist an individual with examining the contentions of others all the more compl etely. Besides, this methodology is helpful for indentifying the confinements of the announcements made by other people.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Fast Food, Fat Profits explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, one can say that the creators of this film didn't give a lot of consideration to the stationary ways of life of numerous individuals. Additionally, the individuals, who were met in the film, could be eager to blame cheap food organizations since it was hard for them to acknowledge their duty regarding their dietary patterns. This is one of the subtleties that ought not be ignored. Thusly, the movie producers didn't talk much about people’s reluctance to do physical activities which are significant for controlling weight. In this way, the primary message of this narrative isn't exactly precise. In this way, the thought of radical uncertainty is a useful instrument for the assessment of data. There are a few c utoff points to the act of radical uncertainty. As it has been said previously, this technique is introduced on the possibility that an individual has an impetus to lie. Along these lines, one must show or demonstrate that this inspiration is available. Besides, by depending on radical uncertainty, one can scrutinize the legitimacy of each investigation, report, study, etc. The principle issue is that along these lines, one can dismiss practically every wellspring of data. This is one of the confinements that can be singled out. In any case, this conversation shows that the examination of cinematographic work ought to be founded on the utilization of basic reasoning aptitudes. Thusly, one can all the more likely evaluate the contentions set forward by others. These are the fundamental advantages of this methodology. Works Cited Goffman, Erving. Casing Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience, Boston: Northeastern, 1986. Print. This basic composition on Fast Food, Fat Profits was composed and presented by client Tombstone to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Employee Retention

SUBMITTED TO: Dr. RAMZAN SUBMITTED BY: FAHAD KHALID (MSBA) MUHAMMA ASAD KHAN (MSBA) ADEEL JAVED (MBA) ZAIN SOHAIL (MBA) SUPERIOR UNIVERSITY LAHORE How the worker maintenance in instructive establishments influences Organizational adequacy Abstract: Purpose †The motivation behind this paper is to advanced a system of representative maintenance in the instructive foundations which empowers them to work for longer timeframes and less possibility of leaving the place.It additionally talks about the variables that how the maintenance of worker influences the authoritative viability. Three distinct degrees of schools have been decided to gather the data from the workers to break down the authoritative viability. The nearby finished survey has been built up for this reason. The example size of 214 will be taken. The SPSS is utilized to investigate the information and discoveries of that are given in the specific circumstance. The restriction of the examination is time imperative. The i nformation assortment strategy turns out to be particularly difficult.This study is just for the instruction division in creating nations like Pakistan. Catchphrases: Leadership style, Recognition, Motivation, instructive organizations. Presentation This investigation is tied in with delivering and holding human asset. Henceforth the examination is about the investigation for the maintenance of workers in the instructive area. The instructive segment is the wellspring of creating human capital for the nation which prompts monetary turn of events. The representatives in that part ought to be held with the goal that the hierarchical adequacy is increased.The issue of scholastic staff maintenance is a worldwide one which influences both creating and industrialized nations (astuteness 2006 p-11). The most basic for all; is the human asset factor. Without reinforcing HR and holding basic abilities and skills with in any association, different segments remain to endure. In scholarly organ izations, the basic human capital incorporates scholastic, managerial and specialized staff assets. The institutional administration, the board and budgetary changes embraced as observed above will be increasingly supportable if there is soundness in the territory of human asset. Paschal B. Mihyo 2008 p-10) The issue of scholastic staff wearing down and maintenance in creating nations has been less all around archived in the writing. This is on the grounds that the issue will in general be subsumed under the general class of ‘brain drain’, without specific consideration being committed to it. This subsumption mirrors the cozy connection between the mind channel and staff maintenance in numerous nations. (intelligence 2006 p-12). The representatives who are not happy with the hierarchical maintenance arrangement they will in general leave the organization.Many examine shows that the workers with the higher age are less will in general leave however the lower rank workers are progressively will in general leave the association. There is consistently a specific measure of representative turnover due retirements, advancements and profession improvement; anyway explicit businesses and occupations experience whittling down rates far more prominent than others. One business master creator recognized ten essential reasons of the worker leaves (MacCann). * Basic money related requirements not met. * Lack of serious compensation * Poor advantages * Poor correspondence * Negative workplace Lack of acknowledgment * Unfair treatment * Lack of challenge in work * Lack of employer stability * Life clashes (Gary S. Trulson p-12) There is a tremendous writing on the reasons for deliberate worker turnover going back to the 1950s. By creating multivariate models that consolidate various variables adding to turnover and observationally testing the models scientists have tried to foresee why people leave associations. Numerous investigations depend on just few factors which regularly just clarify a limited quantity of changeability in turnover.Another analysis of turnover contemplates is that they don't satisfactorily catch the complex mental procedures associated with singular turnover choices. Writing Review â€Å"An powerful Employee Retention Program is an orderly exertion to make and cultivate a domain that urges workers to stay utilized by having arrangements and practices set up that address their differing needs. † (George C. Sinnott, Commissioner and George H. Madison, Director September 2002 p-2) Employee maintenance is maybe the most as often as possible examined wonder in the hierarchical effectiveness.Most associations think that its hard to gauge and improve worker mentalities identified with work. A large portion of the associations are chipping away at their maintenance plans for improving representative's exhibition and worker's fulfillment which prompts authoritative viability. Expanding representative fulfillment and in this way diminishing worker turnover is basic. Since a long time ago tenured workers create individual relationship with clients. These connections are the Groundwork for a strengthening pattern of positive connections among representatives and clients. Workers who perceive associations with clients give better service.Customers who get better help express less objections and in this manner make less issues for representatives. Representatives thus respond all the more productively to handle with clients. These responses bring about better assistance which again prompts special authoritative incomes. At last it is of significance in the instructive organizations where instructors have grow direct connection with the understudies, if turnover of the educators builds it will likewise diminish the fulfillment level of the understudies also. So the associations with the drawn out educators have at last increase the great achievement in the market.Teaching staff: In the scholarly world the school personnel is principle factor for improving the associations adequacy. The organizations with the fulfilled and held staff work more successfully than other. In the event that encouraging staff works for the more extended timeframe, at that point it will have the option to deliver the ideal outcomes for the understudies, if understudies are fulfilled who are the clients and it will build the notoriety of association in the market. â€Å"Teaching splendid understudies and seeing their understudies create are the positive parts of teaching.The negative perspectives identify with evaluation, both of the sums expected of the understudies and that of the staff themselves. Authoritative errands and hierarchical change will in general be seen as negative parts of the activity by most scholastics. Long stretches of work spent on organization negatively affect fulfillment with practically all elements of academics’ work fulfillment. † (Hilary Metcalf et al. Research Report RR658 p-xvi). Maintenance: Employee maintenance alludes to the different arrangements and practices which let the workers adhere to an association for a more extended time of time.The association is totally at misfortune when the representatives relinquish their position once they are completely prepared. Worker maintenance considers the different estimates taken with the goal that an individual remains in an association for the most extreme timeframe. The totally prepared workers ought to be given more opportunity to remain by contracting them for longer period. As the exploration appears, â€Å"About 66% of scholastics expected to stay in UK the scholarly community until retirement. This was higher in new colleges. We would evaluate that somewhere in the range of three and six percent would leave the area in the year following interview.This included a few percent of those on lasting agreements and five to 11 percent of those on fixed-term contracts. Forty-three percent of the individuals who figured they may leave the area in the next year expected to move to another activity; this was most usually to a UK work outside research and educating, to a scholastic activity abroad or for fixed-term contracts staff, to a UK examine work. Agreement staff could be viewed as being driven out of the segment because of frailty: they would in general leave because of their agreement finishing, the craving for a changeless employment or cynicism about openings for work in UK the scholarly community. (Hilary Metcalf et al. Research Report RR658 p-vii). Worker benefits: In the instructive organizations representatives are searching forward for money related just as non-fiscal prizes. The associations which build up the prize framework for the representatives are better ready to diminish the worker turnover. These money related and non-fiscal prizes may incorporate followings: as indicated by (paschal B. Mihyo 2008 p-xiii) * Free or sponsored instruction office gave to staff youngsters. * Private annuity reserve and medical coverage plans ought to be created. Prize and acknowledgment framework ought to be decentralized. * Loan ensure plans that can empower staff secure decent asylum and methods for transport should be created. â€Å"Institutions should move in the direction of a sensible improvement in the working conditions (compensation and non-pay) of staff, since this is probably going to bring about more than proportionate degrees of employment fulfillment. It is important to execute some arrangement of differential prizes. This is unavoidable, if certain scholastic fields are to draw in and hold staff.Universities ought to keep up, or establishment, non-compensation advantages, for example, educational cost waivers/abatements, particular confirmation for staff and their families, and access to childcare and elementary school offices gave by their organizations. †(Wisdom J. Tettey 2006 p-4) Motivation of the staff: Employees who rem ain with a firm due to persuasive reasons get their fulfillment essentially from the work itself. A normal of 75 percent of the respondents distinguished inner/inspirational factors, for example, accomplishment, acknowledgment, testing work, and headway prospects as the principle explanations behind remaining. Matthew H. Sauber , Andrew G. Snyir and Mohsen Sharifi p-36). Inspiration can build the representative fulfillment and furthermore its productivity at work place. There is a well-known axiom you can take a pony to the water however you can't drive it to drink; it will dri

Were You Affected by the Equifax Data BreachÂ

Were You Affected by the Equifax Data Breach   Were You Affected by the Equifax Data Breach? Were You Affected by the Equifax Data Breach?Your credit may be at risk. Learn more about the impact of this epic data breach.In September 2017, Equifax, one of the three major credit bureaus, announced it suffered a data breach that comprised approximately 148 million people’s sensitive private information. The compromised information included names, social security numbers, birth dates, addresses, and driver’s license numbers. In more than 200,000 cases, credit card numbers were compromised, and in about 182,000 cases, documents that contained personal identifying information were breached.While the Equifax breach isn’t the largest one to ever take place, it was still unprecedented due to the very sensitive nature of the information that was compromised.Chances are, at some point in time, you’ve been the victim of a data breach. In this post, we will walk you through the dangers of data breaches and how to check whether or not your information was compromised.The ABCs of da ta breaches    The Equifax data breach is significant because it happened to a credit bureau, a type of company that collects your financial data from creditors, analyzes it, and produces your credit report and credit score.The data collected by credit bureaus, such as social security numbers and account information, are highly sensitive. Hackers can use that information to open fraudulent accounts in your name or steal your identityâ€"or sell it to someone who wants to do the same. For example, they may open credit cards or utility accounts in your name, run up bills, and then abandon them.This kind of fraudulent activity can tank your credit score, which is a tool creditors, such as banks, use to decide whether or not you qualify for certain financial products, such as loans. This, in turn, can lead to financial ruin.The danger behind data breachesThose who are just starting to build their credit or have lower credit scores may be more vulnerable than others. It doesn’t take muc h to ruin a credit score, and when this happens, it can make it even more difficult for victims to qualify for things like loans, mobile phone plans, rent applications, and even certain jobs. Frequently, when people cannot qualify for traditional financial products, they turn to high-risk alternative products such as no credit check loans, bad credit loans, and payday loans. These loans are often sold by predatory lenders and can set debt traps for borrowers.Identity theft is a growing problem in the United States. According to a report from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), in 2018 there were more than 444,000 cases of identity theft in the United States, a 15% increase from 2017.You’ve likely heard advice about how to protect your information online: Don’t give out personal identifying information. Never send your social security number to sources you can’t identify or don’t trust. Use complex passwords and don’t use the same password on multiple sites. But in the case of this Equifax breach, there really isn’t anything you could have done to protect yourself. Credit bureaus collect your information as a matter of course, and there really isn’t a way for consumers like you to opt out of them.How to check your breach statusThe easiest way to check if you were one of the thousands of Americans affected by the Equifax data breach is to visit this settlement eligibility page, the official page of the settlement that is run by the settlement administrator, not Equifax. There, you will input your last name and the last six digits of your social security number. With this information, the settlement tool will be able to tell you whether or not you were impacted by the breach â€" that is, whether or not your information was compromised.I was impacted. Now what?In July 2019, the U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) and the FTC announced a $700 million settlement with Equifax, which would offer monetary relief to those impacted by the breach. As of September 2019, the settlement had not been finalized or approved by the courts, but the FTC’s website and Equifax breach settlement site has information to help people determine if they are potentially eligible for compensation or if there are other options available to them. There are deadlines  associated with the various options available.Continue to monitor your creditIn the meantime, it’s always important to monitor your own credit reports, which you can do for free once a year. If you notice suspicious activity and think your identity may have been stolen, check out this  post on what to do in addition to several others below:So Your Identity Has Been Stolen Now What?What to do About Data LeaksTips for Protecting Your Data OnlineShould You Freeze Your Credit?

Religion Has Always Been An Important Part In The Lives

Religion has always been an important part in the lives of human beings, and it was not different for the population of Pompeii. In this essay, based on the evidence available, we are going to see what place did the religion occupied in the lives of the people who lived in Pompeii, reaching the conclusion that since the origin of the city, the people were surrounded by religion, in both public and private spaces. Whether it was in the shape of a Lararium or temples, the population of Pompeii could express their devotion in different forms and places. Since the 6th century BC until the destruction of the town in in 2nd century AD, the religions that were present in Pompeii changed, and towards the last century and a half of its existence,†¦show more content†¦The Lares are the guardian spirits of the house, and they are usually depicted as young men wearing short tunics and holding an object which would have been most likely a rhyton, a situla or a patera . The family would give offerings to the Lares, and even sometimes sacrifice a pig. Next to the Lares there would be a Genus, who would be a representation of the master of the house, and the toga would be covering his face. Sometimes, the Penates would be represented as well, who were the protectors of the food provisions of the house. Finally, there could be pictures of snakes, which represent the renewal of life and function as guardians. The fact which I find the most interesting about the parts of the Lararium is how the master of the house is represented between th e other figures as other character. I believe this is a perfect reflection of how important was for them the private religion, even so they would personalise the Lararium with a figure of themselves. It was a way of making the domestic religion unique and for them to be a part of it. Another fact that points out how much the people cared about private religion is how carefully some of the Lararium were restored after the earthquake in 62 AD . If we go to the literary primary sources we also find evidence of how important this domestic religion was. Cicero says in De Domo Sua â€Å"What is there more holy, what is there more carefully fencedShow MoreRelated Belief in a God is necessary for a moral society Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesGod is necessary for a moral society Religion in the world has always been considered a rather important aspect of society. Although this is true, there are still people that question the existence of God. A survey done among 1000 people showed that 65 percent of Americans believe that religion is losing its influence on American life (Sheler, 8). Even so, Belief in a God is necessary for a moral society because since the beginning of history man has always made up some sort of role model to explainRead MoreBelief in a God Is Necessary for a Moral Society1044 Words   |  5 PagesGod is necessary for a moral society Religion in the world has always been considered a rather important aspect of society. Although this is true, there are still people that question the existence of God. A survey done among 1000 people showed that 65 percent of Americans believe that religion is losing its influence on American life (Sheler, 8). Even so, Belief in a God is necessary for a moral society because since the beginning of history man has always made up some sort of role model to explainRead MoreSouthern United States Culture1343 Words   |  5 Pagesbeautiful part of the United States. It has many different characteristics and many different special things that make it unique. Globalization and Identity, Ethnicity, Religion, The Social Construction of Race, Gender Roles, Class, Places and Spaces (Regional Identity) , and Linguistic Diversity in the south are all topics that I will discuss in this essay. While globalization and identity in the south is not as evident as it would be in a city such as New York, it is still a major part of southernRead MoreOur Belief Systems And Values966 Words   |  4 PagesFor this reason, it is essential to define our belief system and identify our current values to help us understand ourselves better. A belief system is the essential elements that shaped our set of values for which we base everything we do. Religion has been around for thousands of years. Some people believed in many Gods, and some believed only in one God. The differences among people’s religious belief is obvious, but sometimes they share something in common about good and evil. How people acquiredRead MoreWhat Makes America, America?1033 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica? Since America has been created, tons of people have been travelling here and starting new lives striving for the success they deserve. Different aspects can add up to the identity of America. America has been widely shaped by citizen’s uniqueness, their ethnicity, and chances they have to become successful. Though there is a lot that molds American Identity, America has been shaped due to different lifestyles, which is illustrated through people’s individuality, religions and race, and opportunitiesRead MoreReligion And Its Impact On Society1473 Words   |  6 Pagescultural, scientific, political, patriotic, or other purposes† and religion as â€Å"something one believes in and follows devotedly; a point or matter of ethics or conscience.† The question stated on our political survey reads â€Å"shared religious belief isn’t and important part of our society.† And I disagree with that. Almost everyone has his or her own sets of beliefs and mo rals, which is what makes them who they are. I believe we need religion in society, otherwise we would all just be mindless robots withRead MoreDefining Community Essay544 Words   |  3 Pagesabout your community? Community has always been a big part of our lives and it has been here since the day we were born. We might even live on the same street, but we grow up in different households and this results in many different views on communities. The many definitions of our community may include our home, our heritage, and even our religion. First, community is our â€Å"home.† We have been living in a community ever since we were just little babies and it has always influenced us. CommunitiesRead MoreBuddhism, The Noble Eightfold Path And The Four Noble Truths1650 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism was an incredibly intriguing religion to me due to the emphasis placed on the reality that surrounds us, it’s a rational religion based on peace, self-understanding and the ultimate goal of nirvana. Buddhist followers live their life with three main goals; morality, meditation and enlightenment. Ultimately the core teachings of Buddhism are The Noble Eightfold Path and The Four Noble Truths. It is their lives journey to understand, live kindly and find their inner-peace. In a world so fullRead MoreSimilarities between Beliefs and Philosophies from the World1637 Words   |  7 PagesChoice of topic: Religion has always amused me. I have always been curious about the ways of life in a particular religion and their beliefs about God. Point of view has always been important and is supposed to be respected. I was myself involved in many of the family rituals conducted and that always amused me. I come from a family possessing a religious background. I would credit my grandparents for teaching me the Hindu way of life and for teaching to respect other religions and their beliefsRead More`` Dear Billy Bob Joe `` Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesDear Billy Bob Joe, Across the world there are a surplus of beliefs and systems regarding Gods and religions. There are hundreds and thousands of theologians that claim they have the â€Å"truth† about the world and human creation. Although some of these claims may have truth wrapped in them, often times they are covered with fabrication, simply desiring to please the listener and offer the most beneficial reasoning for accepting it. I understand why someone with no religious upbringing or background

Ritual Performances For The Statues Of The Deceased

The right part is covered with many of ritual performances for the statues of the deceased represented in ten registers Porter, B. and Moss, R. (1960), Vol. 1, P.1, Oxford, p. 214 (no. 19, 20). in order to give the deceased statue or mummy the power of a living person like opening of the mouth ritual that is represented in the fourth register before the statue of the deceased. Muhammed, M. A. (1966), The Development of the Funerary Believes and Practices Displayed in the Private Tombs of the New Kingdom at Thebes, Cairo, p. 172. Bonnet, H. (2000), Reallexikon der à ¤gyptischen Religionsgeschichte, Berlin, p. 487. Dorman, P. (2001), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Vol. 3, Oxford, P. 132. In the middle of this register it can be seen butchers one of them holding a bull s leg and the other carrying a heart in a vase with his both hands to the deceased statue. Doc. 8 Scene 8 (TT78 Horemheb Hr-m-Hb ) The western wall of the passage is covered with funeral scenes that are divided into four registers. The second one includes the funeral equipments scene, at the end of which a person holding a scarab necklace (most probably heart) is represented at the end of the register Porter, B. and Moss, R. (1960), Vol. 1, P.1, Oxford, p. 154, (no. 9) Bourian, U. (1894), Tombeaux Thebaines, MMAF (5, 3), Paris, p. 431. El Shahawy, A. M. A. (2004), A Study of the Funeral Procession Scenes in the New Kingdom Nobles Tombs in Thebes, Cairo, p.63, Pl. 82 (not found).Show MoreRelatedMovie Review Of Doc 1854 Words   |  8 Pagesscene is represented in the inner room especially on the lower part of the northern wall which is largely damaged. This part carries a large list of offerings, beneath which to the left hand side, there are the final scene of the opening of the mouth ritual with sacrifice offerings to the right hand side. This scene represents three men holding offerings like a goose, a heart and a bull s leg. Doc. 2 Scene 2 (TT 83 - aAmethu aAmTw aAhmos iaH ms) On the west wall of inner room IJ, most of theRead MoreIn Southeast Asia, Animism and Buddhism have led to a unique tattoo culture where tattoos have1400 Words   |  6 Pagesis the world view that non-human entities (animals, plants, and inanimate objects or phenomena) possess a spiritual essence. This is the indigenous belief system of the people who inhabit Burma, Thailand, Southwest China, and Laos. The imagery and ritual of tattoo culture in Southeast Asia takes its roots in a mixture of indigenous practices as well as Theraveda Buddhism. A few of the numerous names given to the tattoos of this region are shan tattoos, yantra tattoo, katha tattoos, or sak yant. TheseRead MoreThe Birth of Civilization18947 Words   |  76 Pages1 The Birth of Civilization Mohenjo-Daro Figure. Scholars believe this limestone statue from about 2500 B.C.E. depicts a king or a priest from Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus valley in present-day Pakistan. Does this figure seem to emphasize the features of a particular person or the attributes of a particular role? Hear the Audio for Chapter 1 at www.myhistorylab.com CRAIMC01_xxxii-031hr2.qxp 2/17/11 3:22 PM Page xxxii EARLY HUMANS AND THEIR CULTURE page 1 WHY IS â€Å"culture† considered a definingRead MoreLenin13422 Words   |  54 PagesWar * 6.5 1920-22 * 7 Retirement and death * 7.1 Funeral * 8 Politics and world revolution * 8.1 Stance on antisemitism * 8.2 Writings * 9 Personal life and characteristics * 10 Legacy * 10.1 Statues and city names * 11 In popular culture * 11.1 Film * 11.2 Television * 12 See also * 13 References * 13.1 Footnotes * 13.2 Bibliography * 14 Further reading * 15 External links * 15.1 SelectedRead MoreBusiness Environment of Pre-British India13645 Words   |  55 Pagesand they were conquered by others. In order to capture the variety of these cultures and to understand the depth of their impact on our lives we have tried to bring out the specificities of each Age through our project. The different policies, the rituals, the system of administration, the technological inventions all have contributed towards our unique culture. Our project aims at understanding all these impacts in a consolidated way and help us understand our past. Our project covers the eras fromRead MoreEssay Paper84499 Words   |  338 Pagesthe Army †¢ 1–7, page 4 Precedence between members of the Army and members of foreign military services serving with the Army †¢ 1–8, page 5 Chapter 2 Command Policies, page 6 Chain of command †¢ 2–1, page 6 Open door policies †¢ 2–2, page 6 Performance counseling †¢ 2–3, page 6 Staff or technical channels †¢ 2–4, page 6 Command of installations, activities, and units †¢ 2–5, page 6 Specialty immaterial commands †¢ 2–6, page 13 Designation of junior in the same grade to command †¢ 2–7, page 13 Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesSurveys for Motivating Others 324 Diagnosing Poor Performance and Enhancing Motivation Work Performance Assessment 325 SKILL LEARNING 326 Increasing Motivation and Performance 326 Diagnosing Work Performance Problems 326 Enhancing Individuals’ Abilities 328 Fostering a Motivating Work Environment 330 Elements of an Effective Motivation Program 331 Establish Clear Performance Expectations 332 Remove Obstacles to Performance 334 Reinforce Performance-Enhancing Behavior 336 Provide Salient Rewards 344

Hplc Determination Of Caffeine On Analgesic Powders

CHE 333-03 11/21/16 Formal Report HPLC Determination of Caffeine in Analgesic Powders ABSTRACT: Components containing caffeine were composed into stock solutions. These solutions were diluted to 1: 10 substance: mobile phase. A stock solution of caffeine was diluted 1:50. A sequence of diluted caffeine solutions were prepared for use as a standard (ppm): 1, 2, 4, and 10. Solutions of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, and Goody’s Powder were developed to differentiate chromatographic peaks observed. These solutions were subjected to HPLC for examination of the observed peak area and retention time for the set of compounds. Comparison of retention time allowed for the differentiation of peaks observed. The peak area obtained was utilized to determine the relative concentration of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder based on the relationship obtained in the standard. The content of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder by percent weight was identified. INTRODUCTION: The separation of molecular particulates from any mixture may involve any combination of the relative chemical, electrostatic, and mechanical properties composing each component contained therein. Typically this mixture may exist as a liquid solution or gaseous species. The respective interactions of each particulate depend on the surrounding conditions to which the solution is subjected. A solvent is utilized to dissolute the mixture such that it may pass through a separation chamber that containsShow MoreRelatedPharmaeutical Industry Training Report with Deep Description of Different Area in Ibn Sina Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.14426 Words   |  58 Pages | | | | |Penicillin | | | | |HPLC | | | | |Validation | |

Realist Evaluation of Leadership Development

Question: Discuss about the Realist Evaluation of Leadership Development. Answer: Introduction: Systemic thinking may be defined as the analytical study of a particular disciple within a system that examines the different connections and the linkages among its different components that make up the system. This study provides a systematic approach in understanding, evaluation and discussing about the design and construction of the components of an organization. An organization is in turn a complex composition of a large number of interconnected systems comprising human and non human compositions that need to work in harmony with each other. This will ensure the whole organization to function successfully. Professor Forrester was the first person who came up with the concept of systemic thinking where he has described the systemic thinking as the procedure which has allowed people in understanding the different components of the social systems and how they are linked with each other (Hester and Adams 2014). This in turn helps such people in making alterations in the system to att ain the better result and maintain sustainability. The systemic thinking is quite different from the traditional thinking approach. Traditional thinking approach mainly depends on the separation of the individual components of the social system and analyses each of the broken parts separately to alter any if needed. However system thinking is different in the sense as it focuses its analysis about how each of the components of a social system being intricately associated and interacts with other components in the system (Segatto et al. 2013). Therefore unlike traditional thinking which relies on breaking components and studying the isolated components, systemic thinking depends on the studying how interactions among the components work in order to handle a particular issue. Often this has found to yield conclusions which are much effective than those provided by traditional thinking especially in case of complex dynamic processes (Kwamie, VanDijk and Agyepong 2014). The essay will mainly portray the logical explanation about how systemic thinking can be included in the modern day corporate management to develop ways which will help in solving different sustainability challenges. In order to do so, the main complex topic that will be chosen is the appointments of women in higher executive roles in corporate of Australia. It will show how systemic thinking when applied will help in dissecting the important roles of higher executives and how involvement of women in such positions will help to meet better results for the organization. With the increasing trend of gender equality, women have crossed many barriers of culture, traditions, mental backlogs, stigmas and many others and had been able to establish themselves in same position with the males in the society. It has been seen in several instances where a male and a female had engaged themselves in successful partnerships while maintain household chores and had been successful in harmonious living on personal front (Paxton and Hughes 2016). However, similar such scenario is not visible in the corporate sectors of Australian firms. Studies reveal that in numbers of women gradually decrease when an individual studies this number in ever ranks of an organization. Very few numbers of women are found to be present in the higher ranks and their number is comparatively very less than the males (Morley 2014). This situation raises a number of questions. A number of doubts here arise like about the belief of the society on the credibility of women in corporate sectors, different traditional constraints that work on women liberty, a womens own priority and liking of personal and family matters over corporate sectors and many others. Recently, governments of every nation are trying their best to introduce the concept of empowerment of women to attain stability in each and every prospect of the nation. The nations explain empowerment of women as the attempt to develop a multidimensional social process that had helped women to gain control over their own lives (Sweden 2014). By this process, they had mainly tried to foster power in people which can be used in their own lives and also in communities, societies, organizations, acting on important issues and others. They have mainly portrayed the importance of dealing with womens continued disadvantage to that of men and that is clearly reflected in different economic, socio cultural an different political spheres. This empowerment helps them to reach a concept of gender equality. This gives her a chance of accessing opportunities and resources that will provide her large number of options she can pursue both at home and the organization where she may work for (Bacha 2014). This has resulted in UN suggesting that there are proven synergies between women empowerment and social, economic and environmental sustainability. Inclusion of women in corporate sectors of Australia have already shown that the gross domestic product of Australia have increased than what was there before the concept of women empowerment came into being. However, it had been surprising to find that the higher positions in most of the renowned corporate sectors of Australia have very few females with a larger number of male executives enjoying the positions. As a result, on critically conducting the systemic thinking procedure and researching the interconnections that women share with each and every component of the organization and with different aspects of society, much important information came into the views (Ibarra, Ely and Kolb 2013). Although the government and also different organizations are promoting the concept of women empowerment, but efforts are found to be half-hearted. On thorough analysis, it was found that not all had a clear concept of the differences between men and women as the concepts are poorly understood . Many harbor the idea that women and men have different neurobiology and cultural training and therefore their behaviors are programmed, culturally influenced and hardwired in brains (Grover 2015). Therefore even when a woman exhibits a proper professional style, approach, communication, leadership values, decision making and positive energy, they are not properly valued and respected. This is mainly due to preconceived notion of the society. Often there is also clashes of women priorities and styles with dominant cultures that demean the moral values of women. Moreover many corporate also do not value the leadership style of women which contains of empathy, emotional cue taking and others as they believe them to be weakening attributes to achieve the mission of the corporate sector. Many corporate also do not prefer the concept of whole self authenticity that a woman usually provides in her workplace. Most researches show that women are very much comfortable portraying authenticity and transparency in their workplace but many corporate usually led by male employers do not prefer such attributes in higher officials and believe such transparency is always not effective in leaderships (Cook and Glass 2014). Moreover it is also believed by a large number of corporate heads that women have large pressures on them as they are the prime care givers of their children and family. They believe as they laws remain in pressure in managing more than one domain in their life; their dedication towards work gets divided. Therefore corporate believes that women can never priorities work more than male and therefore they believe in order to have more productivity, males are more helpful (Mulcahy and Linhem 2014). This is one explanation which can provide a background of the depth of women in the higher executive ranks. Moreover there is another theory which states that women mainly visualizes their work is as one part of a pie and that is they are not ready to dedicate themselves fully to work. This study also says that men are mostly dedicated to work wholly and can even work above their scheduled hours. This extra dedication often makes women to be a second choice when an employer appoints a particular employee to a higher rank. The belief of a woman having more priorities in her lives other than work and therefore not paying full attention to work has been often found among corporate employers. They believe that extreme work requires extreme dedication and so women are not capable of handling them. Marginalizing of women is still a stigma in the 21st century even when people shout of feminism. There had been often debates about the extent of help that the women have received. When analyzing the connections of women with society in a systemic thinking procedure, it can be seen that women are still sidelined, diminished, suppressed and discriminated (Ferreira and Gyorko 2014). They are though less because they are women only. Their leadership skills are often critically challenged. All these are barriers that are preventing women to take one of the highest positions in the corporate sectors. In many cases women are deprived of their rank and are prevented to move upwards in their position. These are often found to demotivate women. After applying same dedication to work like a male colleague and seeing him to be upgraded in his career leaving her behind for just being a woman will definitely affect herself respect and ego. This may lead her to depression where she may not provide her best which she was previously been able to. These will not only harm her career but will also affect her family economically. Similar such cases will result in challenges in economic sustainability of the nation as the gross domestic product will decrease. Moreover the corporate sector will highly suffer due to the lack of presence of women in their workplaces as women tend to bring with them different innovative ideas and suggestions that can never be produced by men (Akpinor 2013 ). Loss of valuable ideas will affect the strategic management of corporate sectors also affecting the economic prospects of the company. Moreover investors will strictly try to avoid such negative workforces which do not allow the involvement of both genders in the decision making scenarios as they will always prefer a diverse workforce. While analyzing the women and their linkage with management skills at corporate sectors, it is found that there are many important aspects possessed by women but are not shown in men. Different studies have shown that women possess an exceptional skill of taking initiatives at work and have wonderful communication skill. These skills are much more polished than the men and are even expressed in ways which never affect the ego and self respect of the opposite persons. They also show the attributes of openness that tends to bring better result in the workplace than the male counterparts. They also have a very impressive skill of innovating strategies that are out of the box and are often helpful in achieving goals which could not be achieved by other male members. Women also practice better sociability due to better skill of communication. They can utilize their inquisitiveness in positive ways and building strong social bonds with different stakeholders. These often bring benefits to the corporate sectors by earning more clients and that results in more business. They are more supportive to their colleagues and they have a helping behavior for which any person who is confused or need help can easily approach her for help. Moreover, it is also seen that women are more methodological in their management skill than men who helps the workers under her to develop clarity in their respective roles. This helps them to work properly and achieve their targets easily (McGowan et al. 2015). They goal setting is done after thorough research d analysis and therefore is often achievable by the team. All the above mentioned prospects make women capable for handing any leadership position in the corporate sectors. Women executives manufacture confidence, attract strong peer communities, bring emotional literacy to the working teams, necessarily efficient, have motivation to succeed against odds, see work with more parity and are great to set as an example. Hence modern women sh ould be made executives so that they get chances of exhibiting their skills and bring more revenue to the company. From the entire essay, it can be stated that systemic thinking had helped one to look into the different connections that women can establish with the organization she works for and also with the society where she thrives in. While studying the linkages and connections that women establish with the components in the corporate lives, one can understand the various reasons that prevent women from getting an executive position in the corporate sectors. The essay has portrayed the important barriers that women face and also denotes the various conceptions that our patriarchal society has about women and their capabilities. In order to overcome the different sustainability challenges that the organizations and the societies are facing due to such stigmas and misconceptions, a proper education for both of them is vey necessary. Therefore all the positive aspects of women as a career centric person and the various skills that they possess have been demarcated. These would help the society a nd also the corporate sectors to look beyond their preconceived notions and take steps to attain economic stability. References: Akpinar-Sposito, C., 2013. Career barriers for women executives and the Glass Ceiling Syndrome: the case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,75, pp.488-497. Bacha, E., 2014. The relationship between transformational leadership, task performance and job characteristics.Journal of Management Development,33(4), pp.410-420. Cook, A. and Glass, C., 2014. Women and top leadership positions: Towards an institutional analysis.Gender, Work Organization,21(1), pp.91-103. Ferreira, F. and Gyourko, J., 2014. Does gender matter for political leadership? The case of US mayors.Journal of Public Economics,112, pp.24-39. Grover, V.K., 2015. Second generation gender bias: Invisible barriers holding women back in organizations.IJAR,1(4), pp.1-4. Hester, P.T. and Adams, K.M., 2014. The Why of Systemic Thinking. InSystemic Thinking(pp. 125-153). Springer International Publishing. Ibarra, H., Ely, R. and Kolb, D., 2013. Women rising: The unseen barriers.Harvard Business Review,91(9), pp.60-66. Kwamie, A., van Dijk, H. and Agyepong, I.A., 2014. Advancing the application of systems thinking in health: realist evaluation of the Leadership Development Programme for district manager decision-making in Ghana.Health Research Policy and Systems,12(1), p.29. Kwamie, A., van Dijk, H. and Agyepong, I.A., 2014. Advancing the application of systems thinking in health: realist evaluation of the Leadership Development Programme for district manager decision-making in Ghana.Health Research Policy and Systems,12(1), p.29. McGowan, P., Cooper, S., Durkin, M. and O'Kane, C., 2015. The influence of social and human capital in developing young women as entrepreneurial business leaders.Journal of Small Business Management,53(3), pp.645-661. Morley, L., 2014. Lost leaders: Women in the global academy.Higher Education Research Development,33(1), pp.114-128. Mulcahy, M. and Linehan, C., 2014. Females and precarious board positions: Further evidence of the glass cliff.British Journal of Management,25(3), pp.425-438. Paxton, P. and Hughes, M.M., 2016.Women, politics, and power: A global perspective. CQ Press Sandberg, S., 2013.Lean in: Women, work, and the will to lead. Random House. Segatto, M., Ins Dallavalle de Pdua, S. and Pinheiro Martinelli, D., 2013. Business process management: a systemic approach?.Business Process Management Journal,19(4), pp.698-714. Sweden, S., 2014. Women and men in Sweden: Facts and figures 2014.

Bible About Muhammad Essays - Prophets Of Islam, Prophecy

Bible About Muhammad "Say: 'Do you see whether this message be from Allah (God Almighty), and yet you reject it, and a witness from among the Children of Israel bore witness of one like him.' " (the Holy Quran 46:10) Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, The subject of this evening's talk - "What the Bible says about Muhammad" will no doubt come as a surprise to many of you because the speaker is a Muslim. How does it come about that a Muslim happens to be expounding prophecies from the Jewish and Christian Scriptures? As a young man, about 30 years ago, I attended a series of religious lectures by a Christian theologian, a certain Rev. Hiten, at the "Theater Royal", Durban in South Africa. Pope or Kissinger?: This Reverend gentleman was expounding Biblical prophecies. He went on to prove that the Christian Bible foretold the rise of Soviet Russia, and the Last Days. At one stage he went to the extent of proving that his Holy Book did not leave even the Pope out of its predictions. He expatiated vigorously in order to convince his audience that the Beast 666 mentioned in The Book of Revelation, the last book of the New Testament, was the Pope, who was the Vicar of Christ on earth. Christian scholars are ingenious and indefatigable in their efforts to prove their case. Rev. Hiten's lectures led me to ask that if the Bible foretold so many things - not even excluding the "Pope" and "Israel", - then surely it must have something to say about the greatest benefactor of mankind, prophet Muhammad, may the peace of Allah be upon him. As a youngster I set out to search for an answer. I met priest after priest, attended lectures, and read everything that I could lay my hands relating to the fields of Bible prophecies. Tonight I'm going to narrate to you one of these interviews with a Dominee of the Dutch Reformed Church. Lucky Thirteen : I was invited to the Transvaal (South Africa) to deliver a talk on the occasion of the birthday of the prophet Muhammad. Knowing that in that province of the Republic, the Afrikaans language is widely spoken, even by my own people, I felt that I ought to acquire a smattering of this language so as to feel a little "at home" with the people. I opened the telephone directory and began phoning the Afrikaans-speaking Churches. I indicated my purpose to the priests that I was interested in having a dialogue with them, but they all refused my request with "plausible" excuses. No. 13 was my lucky number. The thirteenth call brought me pleasure and relief. A Dominee Van Heerden ("Dominee" is the Afrikaans equivalent of "priest") agreed to meet me at his home on the Saturday afternoon that I was to leave for Transvaal. He received me on his verandah with a friendly welcome. He said if I did not mind, he would like his father-in- law from the Free State, a 70 year old man, to join us in the discussion. I did not mind. The three of us settled down in the Dominee's library. Why Nothing? I posed the question: "What does the Bible say about Muhammad?" Without hesitation he answered: "Nothing!" I asked: "Why nothing? According to your interpretation the Bible has so many things to say about the rise of Soviet Russia and about the Last Days and even about the Pope of the Roman Catholics?" He said: "Yes, but there was nothing about Muhammad!" I asked again: "Why nothing? Surely this man Muhammad who had been responsible for the bringing into being a world-wide community of millions of believers who, on his authority, believe in: the miraculous birth of Jesus, that Jesus is the Messiah, that he gave life to the dead by God's permission, and that he healed those born blind and the lepers by God's permission. Surely this book (the Bible) must have something to say about this great leader of men who spoke so well of Jesus and his mother Mary?" The old man from the Free State replied: "My son, I have been reading the Bible for the past 50 years, and if there was any mention of him, I would have known it." Not One by Name! I inquired: "According to you, are there not hundreds of prophecies regarding the coming of Jesus in the Old Testament." The Dominee interjected: "Not hundreds, but thousands!" I said: "I am not going to dispute the thousand and one

Californias Supreme Court Weighs in on Proposition 8

Californias Supreme Court Weighs in on Proposition 8 Since 1911 Californians have played an important role in shaping California's Constitution. Then Governor Hiram Johnson began his term by giving the citizens of California a tool in which they could use to adopt laws and constitutional amendments without the support of the Governor or the Legislature. California became the 10th State to adopt the initiative process (Secretary of State Debra Bowen, 2002).English: Debra Bowen, Secretary of State for Calif...In 2008 the citizens of California introduced Proposition 8, a ballot initiative written to overturn an earlier court decision legalizing same sex marriages. Proposition 8 eliminated the right of same sex couples to marry in California. It also provided that only marriage between a man and woman would be recognized in California. With both sides of the issue weighing in the measure was put to the voters on November 4, 2008. The ballot measure passed with 52.3% saying yes and 47.7% saying no (CBS Broadcasting Inc. (CBS). The State im mediately adopted the measure on November 5, 2008 and challenges to its constitutionality have been on going through the legal system.While thousands demonstrated outside; the California Supreme Court listened to arguments on the constitutionality of proposition 8. Gay rights advocates are seeking to overturn Prop 8 citing the initiative was put before the voters improperly; specifically that changes to the state constitution must be approved by the state legislature before being put on the ballot. Proponents of the Prop 8 are arguing that the initiative was approved correctly and in a free election the voters choose to exercise their right to change the constitution. Arguing for Prop 8, Ken Starr stated "it would be a miscarriage of justice for the court to overturn the results" (Sakuma, 2009, Â ¶ 4).The justices put forth a barrage of questions to Atty. Shannon Minter, arguing for gay...

MEDIA STUDIES (assignment relates to the concept of media ownership) Essay

MEDIA STUDIES (assignment relates to the concept of media ownership) - Essay Example Lastly, a comment shall be drawn on the research. The Walt Disney Company is a media related company that shares many other interests. The company has got subsidiaries and affiliate companies. The domain of the business is, however, solely focused on entertainment. The company focuses on four segments. These three core segments entail; media interests, consumer products and studio entertainment. The fourth segment is not media related because it wanders into the hotel industry. This segment concerns resorts and parks (The Walt Disney Company 2012). Disney studios focus on family entertainment. This is the foundation that has marketed and propelled the Disney Company. It focuses on animated films and pictures (Manheim 2002, p.143). These pictures are sometimes adapted into magazine entertainment pictures and conversation (Griffin 2000, p.6). The motion pictures employ exceptional storytelling that creates interests for new releases. Walt Disney has three worldwide acclaimed animated films. They comprise; Mickey Mouse, the Seven Dwarfs and the Snow White. The Disney studios engage several distributional channels to ease the distribution of these products. The main distribution channel is Walt Disney Pictures that also divides its role for subsidiary groups. These comprise animation studios like: Pixar, Disney Toon and Walt Disney. The Disney Toon consists of Touchstone and Hollywood pictures. The Disney Company became the parent company of Pixar when it bought it through stock exchange system. Walt Disney Pictures is the interna tional distribution avenue for the company. The home entertainment focuses on selling rental movies to family oriented markets worldwide. Lastly, there is the Disney theatre distribution avenue that focuses on live entertainment. They are the directors of musicals such as; Disney live entertainment and the Disney Ice. Disney music group is concerned with the distribution of soundtracks and original music under

Finding Magic in the Natural and the Common Essay

Finding Magic in the Natural and the Common - Essay Example This essay explores the magic in daily life through these stories. What is magical in people's lives is their ability to imagine and to appreciate common events, acts, and liberties. Human imagination presents fertile ground for magic, as it concocts beautiful ideas and images that cannot be realistically enjoyed in real life. Cortazar's Letter to a Young Lady in Paris is about a man who vomits bunnies. Such an occurrence has not been documented yet as possible in real life, but the idea of creating bunnies in itself is a creative idea that makes life magical. With an active imagination like Cortazar's, people can escape life's chaos and dreariness and live in another world. They can find new ways of seeing and doing their duties and tasks and enjoy the novelty of their creative ideas. New images also, by themselves, generate magic, such as magic of wonder, enjoyment, and happiness. Imagination presents magical moments that can occur in daily life. Common events and acts can also lea d to magic. Miner’s Body Ritual Among the Nacirema talks about a society that turns common activities and behaviors into something magical. The Nacirema are people who both ironically value and devalue their physical bodies through their spiritual rites. On the one hand, they value their physical bodies by ascribing holiness to their body parts. ... Very sick people also go to latipso ceremonies. These ceremonies are quite perplexing to other people not used to these customs. Apparently, the Nacirema can only enter the temples that hold these ceremonies by bearing lavish gifts, even if they are aware that â€Å"[it] is where [they] go to die† (Miner). At the same time, these â€Å"patients† cannot also leave the temple without bearing more lavish gifts. In other words, they pay to get hurt. What is magical in these acts is that they are crucial to people's development. Miner cites Malinowski who says that without crude and irrelevant magic, â€Å"early man could not have mastered his practical difficulties as he has done, nor could man have advanced to the higher stages of civilization.† But what is higher civilization anyway? Perhaps a higher civilization is one that is kinder and more loving. Otake et al. shows that kindness is magical too, because it makes people happier. The more kindness that people â⠂¬Å"give† forward, the more they feel connected to other human beings. This can be the kind of connection that makes people more human, and in turn, helps them feel happier â€Å"in† their humanity. Even in desperate times, kindness can alleviate the emptiness of life. In Man’s Search for Meaning, Frankl argues that people can find something meaningful in what could otherwise be meaningless existence. As a former prisoner during the Holocaust, he is a man who has survived great tribulations and has come out with his identity and soul intact. He believes in the value of being â€Å"worthy† of one's â€Å"sufferings,† for it provides â€Å"spiritual freedom† that makes life worth living for (72). People can

The importance of automobile industry

The importance of automobile industry CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Introduction In the civilization of 21st century, human beings are not only focused on the basic needs but also pursuit the higher quality life. From the emergence of competitive business world, automobile manufacturers and assemblers needed to be active in order to ensure that consumers have high intention to purchase their products. We can clearly knowing that the people are toward the goal of comfortable and enjoyable life compared those residents in the olden days. Background information of country Malaysia The national car project, PROTON has been initiated with the originally conceived the idea and direct support of the then Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamed was incorporate on May 7th, 1983 (http://www.proton.com). The first Proton car, Proton Saga was launched on July 9th, 1985. The present model car includes Gen2, Iswara, Wira, Waja, Savvy, Persona and Perdana. With the support by government, Malaysia has a fairly strong automobile industry. Beside Protons cars, the famous and well known cars also been assembled in Malaysia such as BMW, Honda, Hyundai, Mercedes Benz, Nissan, Toyota, Volvo and etc. The importance of the automobile industry is also evident from its substantial contribution to the government bursary on direct and indirect taxes. It is estimated a total of RM 13.14 billion. A 54% of the total is for the government annual duty excise revenue which approximately RM 7.0956 billion, 33% of sales tax which approximately RM 4.3362 billion, 8% of import duty approximately RM 1.0512 billion and a 5% of corporate tax estimated to be RM 0.657 billion (http://www.proton.com). It the sense, it surely will be the governments interest to see automobile industry in Malaysia to grow further. Malaysia is largest automobile market in ASEANS with 90% of that manufactured or assembled domestically and more than 500,000 vehicles sold annually (Cheng, 2006). It shows that the major market for Malaysia is passenger automobile market. The new vehicle sales for passengers automobile in year 2006 is 90.1% compared with year 1999 is 83.1% (Malaysian Automobile Association, 2009). From year 1999 to year 2006, the highest automobile sales in Malaysia on year 2005 which is 416,692 automobiles. Table 1.1 shows the new vehicle sales in Malaysia from year 1999 2006. In year 1999 to 2006, we can see that Proton market share had decreased from 64.98% to 31.50% in the year 2006. This means that, the well known marques companies had started to penetrate in Malaysia automobile market. Throughout the 8 years, the highest increased in new vehicle sales is Toyota 84.53% follow by Honda 81.82%, third is Mercedes Benz 64.62%, BMW 61.47% and Nissan 59.50%. We can know that marques like BMW, Honda, Mercedes Benz, Nissan and Toyota automobiles sales have been increased from year to year. Beside Proton vehicle, Perodua is also one of the national car projects in Malaysia. They had also been increased in their vehicle sales from year 1999 2006 which is 56.46%. Automobile industry is the key success factor on the economy growth by creating various kinds of jobs in different industry. Due to its growth and backward relation with almost every segment of the economy, the automobile market has a strong and positive multiplier effect and thus propels progress of a nation (http://business.gov.in). Since Malaysia government had invested in national car project to elevate the technologies and to spur the set up of a huge network industry and services to put Malaysia among the few developing countries that are capable of producing a wide range of vehicles. According to Y.B. Dato Mustapa Mohamed Minister of Prime Ministers Department (2004), to compete internationally in automobile industry, we needed to invest in research and development, upgrade the workforce productivity and production efficiency to be competitively priced, be customer focused and provide satisfactory after sale services and to be aggressively promoting their brands to strengthen their market share positions. Beside that, the automobile industry in Malaysia needed to improve on innovations and practicality of designs, better safety features, improving performance, and fuel efficiency and be environment-friendly (Mustapa,Dato, 2004). Consumer are now also considered comfort and the colors are now for standards of driving in all of the world (Mustapa,Dato, 2004). Malaysia government had introduced the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) in automobile industry to revise the sales forecast in order to be more competitively. It is also a way to be greater integration in ASEAN automotive industry; Malaysia will cut down the ASEAN CEPT import duty to 5% for qualifying vehicles (Cheng, 2006). It has been forecast that Proton might facing hard time to competing against tariff-free imports from other ASEANcountries under the agreement (Dilip Singh Mutum, 2003). The famous marques in the world such as Honda, Toyota, BMW and Ford have been put up their manufacturing plant in Thailand for the Malaysia automobile market. The car that have local content at least 40% produced by foreign country may enjoy a preferential import duty (Dilip Singh Mutum, 2003). Background of the Study The automobile industry has become more competitive as the fast trend growing automobile industry in Asia has drawn attention. Asia has been acknowledgement as a potential growth area for the automobile industry. A brands new car publication has led to increased competition, substantial price cuts and lower margins in the automobile industry (Silk Road, 2005). These relationships are not confined to the pursuit of short-term economic imperatives cost reduction but embrace innovations in design and technology, creative research and development and quality improvement and after sale services (Morris, Donnelley Donnelley, 2004). In the competitive automobile industry, competitors have to ensure their products are attracting to the consumers and high perception. The sales of the automobile will enhance the companys growth, profitability and market shares. Many consumers make their purchasing decisions is not always on the products pricing, but is on product characteristics, quality and perception, even between with fast moving consumer good (FMCG) (Veloutsou, Gioulistanis Moutinho, 2004). Some of the producer tends to focus on their own product comparable quality with the international brands, while others give less emphasis on the quality and concentrate on low price products. It is based on their target market. This theory can be converted to products marketed in internationally or locally. The British and German consumers with emphasize to the purchase intention in automobiles, placing particular emphasis on quantifying the relative importance of country-of-origin (Diamantopoulus, Schlegelmilch Du Preez, 1995). Therefore, the product quality will cause induction on consumer by increased their purchase intention attitude towards the brand and willingness of the product. In the advanced and competitive automobile market, consumer perception and purchase intention towards international brand on decision making is well set up. The automobile industries have to continue alter to strengthen their product image with a specific characteristic of the car model. The automobile companies can be fiddle by design via the use of visual elements, which consists of design characteristic to identify a brand and design characteristic for specific models to emphasize individuality (Liem, Zainal Warell, 2009). In automobile industry, under the tremendous pressure of offering a greater product variety at the competitive market pricing, the companies have increasingly employed platform sharing strategy, where different brands and models share the same basic platform (Chen, Kang Hung, 2007). Beside the innovation of the automobiles, after sales service also play an important role to initial the purchase of cars. It would substantially higher in sales and profit margin for the company. It creates substantial opportunities for cross-selling, brand-building, and solidifying customer loyalty. Before a store brand increases customer loyalty, many steps in the process have to be completed (Zielke Dobbelstein, 2007). The customer must know the product, launch some kind of interest, and try the product the first time, become satisfied and then launch a preference which will creates the loyalty of customer (Zielke Dobbelstein, 2007). The marques is currently undertaking a social change with its brands seeming less remote, less different, and less exclusive with high quality of life improving (Anurit, Newman Chansarkar, 1999). With the entire luxury marques brand, it created competitive automobile industry in world wide. The perception of the car image had become the key role in the purchase intention when the quality of the car is continue rising. The premium marques such as Lamborghini, Ferrari, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz must enlarge the attributes and values that reflect changing social values which influence buyers emotionally, in order to maintain their positions in different regions of the global market (Anurit, Newman Chansarkar, 1999). The purpose of this study is to examine consumer perception towards international brand in automobile industry and the factors that affecting the purchase intention on automobile industry towards international brand in Malaysia. It is to understand the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry. Background of Problem Statement In studying the publics perception towards their preferred brand(s), it is important to understand the purchase intention and how does it affects the decision making and understand the factors affecting the purchase intention. Beside that, product image are important and lead to the idea in the marketing strategy. The brand name was the most important quality, followed by price retailer reputation (Agawal, Teas, 2002). These findings are valuable to marketers because they clarify whether or not marketing strategies related to market pricing, brand name, and their retailer reputation, can be standardized across cultures and countries (Agawal, Teas, 2002). The research is on Malaysians perception towards international brand in automobile industry and the affects of purchase intention on automobile in Malaysia. Almost all new car models are structure with brand extensions, capitalizing on current consumer perceptions and positioning the new model within the brand family (Strach Everett, 2006). Most of the Chinese car buyers are making their first automobile purchase and shows the brand loyalty (Silk Road, 2005). In the automobile market, consumers perceptions are more sensitive on the pricing that will affect the purchase intention. On the other hand, the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry is a brand alliance combines the equity of two or more brand names to create a synergistic effect (Rodrique Biswas, 2004). In addition, the variables should be positively affected by the brand alliance (Rodrique Biswas, 2004). The brand names serve as a quality pledge device by wigwag product quality better than the host brand can by itself (Rodrique Biswas, 2004). Korean consumers perception were more strongly influenced by subjective norms rather than their attitudes, while US consumers purchase intentions were more strongly influenced by their attitudes than by the subjective norms (Chung Pysarcik, 2000). Problem Statement In Malaysia, the automobile industries are very competitive and the quantities of automobiles users are increasing every year. Table 1.2 shows the sales of automobiles in Malaysia in year 1999-2003. From the table, we can see that the non-national cars sales have been increasing throughout the five years. We can know that nowadays the peoples are preferred on international brand compared to the past. In year 2003, KIA motor has become one of the national cars in Malaysia. In year 2002 and 2003 total national cars sales have drop about 17% which is 56,920 units. Compared with the International brand cars sales have been increase about 35.7% which is about 16,663 units. However, Malaysias automobile industries still are facing positive and negative factors and impact which will greatly affect the purchase intention in automobile industry toward international brand. Therefore, I would like to do the research on automobile industry in Malaysia. In this research, we will focus and analyze the main 3 problem in this field which is: What is the Malaysians perception towards international brand in automobile industry? What are the factors affecting the purchase intention on automobile industry towards international brand in Malaysia? What is the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry? Research Objective We define the research objective as: To study the Malaysians perception towards international brand in automobile industry. To study the factors affecting the purchase intention on automobile industry towards international brand in Malaysia. To study the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry. Scope of the study This study will focus on all Malaysians especially the students from Multimedia University and working adults / young executives. It will examine the perception towards international brand and the factors affecting the purchase intention and the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry. The study specifically will be focus on the Malaysians perception towards international brand in automobile industry. Significant of the study Through consumer behavior perspective in automobile industry, the research of this study prescribes the assembler and manufacturer with importance information about the perception is contributing to the purchase intention. With globalization, companies compete across borders and cultures. It is important for automobile industry to understand and forecast the perception. In addition, the research will provide a useful tool in developing effective marketing plans. It also provides some insight of Malaysians perceptions that arouse positive attitude towards international brand that will influence the consumers purchase intention. By conducting this research, it will be great to explore the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile. The research is value added to the theory of purchase intention that it is not only related to locally but also internationally. Through this study, we are able to understand the factors that affecting to purchase intention on automobile towards international brand in Malaysia. Furthermore, this study can be used as a reference in Malaysia automobile industry for policy makers, automobile manufacturer and assemblers. Organization of the Research Report There are five chapters to be organized: Chapter 1 is the introduction of this research. Background of study and background of information country will be explained. Problem Statement and objective of study will be defined in this chapter. In Chapter 2, we will present a review of literature related to the perception of Malaysians towards international brand in automobile industry and the factors affecting the purchase intention on automobile industry towards International brand in Malaysia. This chapter also includes the perception towards the impact of international brand in automobile industry. The Chapter 3, research methodology, which includes the description of research framework used, questionnaire, sampling plan, and data collection method and data analysis. In this chapter, hypothesises will be made. In Chapter 4, we will analysis on the result of research findings. The beginning of the chapter is the background of the respondents. In the following part, reliability analysis will be tested. In the third part, there is included with mean analysis. The fourth is Pearson Correlation Analysis. The last part of Chapter 4 is multiple regressions. Chapter 5 is the contribution and conclusion of the study. The next part is suggestion for future research and limitation of study will be determined. Recommendation for the future study is included. Lastly, conclusion for the whole study will be given. LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction The purpose of the literature review is to provide supporting evidence that is related to the research. This chapter discusses the relevant literature dominant to the expansion of the conceptual model. Specifically, this literature review related to the perception and purchase intention. The Underlying Theory of Perception Most of the consumers will judge based on the price, store name, and brand name, to incriminate product quality perceptions has been demonstrated (Agrawal Teas, 2002). Study is an important build for investigative ethics-relevant feature of situational element in decision making and the relationship between quality cues and perceived quality across different cultural groups (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999; Agrawal Teas, 2002). In investigative the problem of perceived value is important because, when contrast with perceived quality, perceived value is immediate linked to consumer willingness-to-buy (Agrawal Teas, 2002). In additional, values are more complicated concept than the simply quality because it involves a trade-off of give and get components of a business deal. Therefore, the value will influence consumers purchase intention, which conversely is influenced by both quality and monetary sacrifice needed to purchase the product (Agrawal Teas, 2002). According to Agrawal and Teas (2002) Figure 2.1 shows the relationship between perceived quality, perceived sacrifice, perceived value and willingness-to-buy due to these four premises. The second premise will affect the first premise, which is consumers perception of product value will affect by consumers willingness-to-buy. Beside that, the perceived quality and monetary sacrifice is also affect by the consumers perception of value Therefore, Extrinsic cues such store name, brand name and price will be affect by consumers perception of product quality. Followed by, the price would be affect by consumers perception of sacrifice. Agrawal Teas (2002) conclude that: Consumers perceptions of quality and sacrifice will influence by extrinsic cues which is objective price, retailer reputation and brand name; The assessments of perceived value will influence by consumers perceptions of quality and sacrifice; and Consumers willingness-to-buy will be influence by the perceptions of value. According to Agrawal and Teas (2002) most of the consumers very frequent short of the in detail information, interest, expertise and time to assess a products quality. Pricing is also one of the indicators of cost that causes consumers have to give up an opportunity cost in exchange for the other products. The perceived quality and perceived sacrifice intervene the relationship between pricing, retailer reputation and brand name and perceive value. The willingness to buy a product is more directly connected to perceived value than perceived quality. Beliefs, Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions Model The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between consumers perceptions and purchase intentions. By using the model of beliefs, attitudes and behavioral intentions it can define the relationship between consumers perceptions and purchase intentions (Fishbein Ajzen, 1975). According to Fishbein Ajzen (1975), as illustrated in Figure 2.2 it can define the relationships between perceptions and purchase intentions. As plate in Figure 2.2, the foundation of Fishbein Ajzen (1975) model is touch down in the difference between beliefs, attitude, intentions and behaviors. Beliefs are the main blocks in the model. Based on the first hand observation receive from outside source, a person emulate of beliefs about an object. Then they joint the object with every attributes. Therefore, a persons forges beliefs about oneself, about other people, about institutions, behaviors. The overall of a persons beliefs serve as the message base that ultimately defines their attitude, intentions and behaviors. Attitude can be characterization as a learned inclination to respond in a constant favorable or unfavorable way with respect to given object. Meanwhile, a behavioral intention indicates to a persons pectoral probability that they will perform some specific behavior. According to Fishbein Ajzen (1975) conceptual framework, a persons intentions, in the last resolution, are a function of certain beliefs. Some of these beliefs affect the persons attitude toward the behavior. In detailed, a person manner toward performing a given behavior is linked to their beliefs that performing the behavior will guide to certain outcome and his appraisal of those outcome. The acceptance is that the more favorable a persons attitude toward an object, the more they will propose to implement positive behaviors and the less they will propose to implement negative behaviors with respect to that object. The standard variable in Fishbein Ajzen (1975) model is the individuals behavioral intention. Fishbein Ajzen (1975) stated that behavioral intentions minister as a persons attitude toward an intervening variable and clear behavior. Fishbein Ajzen (1975) confident that the best forecast of a given behavior should be the persons intention to deal in that behavior. In order to forecast a concrete behavior (purchase intention), it is essential to measure the persons attitude and intentions toward performing that behavior (Fishbein Ajzen (1975). Therefore, if there can forecast on the behavioral intentions, in the other way it also can forecast the real behavior (Newberry, Klemz Boshoff, 2003). Product Cues Consumer assess products is based on the two attributes. Product linked attributes and non-product attributes are the two attributes. Design, serviceability and workmanship are the examples of product linked attributes (Gutman Alden, 1985). Inherent cues are the attributes that should not be transformed without transforming the physical features of the product itself (Gutman Alden, 1985). Consumers find it hard, if not impractical to assess the intrinsic cues precisely (Gutman Alden, 1985). The second element is extrinsic cues which are non-product linked attributes. Extrinsic cue is one which forms element of the worth of the product which is not innate characteristic of the substantial product (Gutman Alden, 1985). When inherent cues are apparent as being unpredictable, incomparable or unavailable, the extrinsic cues are relied upon seriously in the circumstances of risks (Gutman Alden, 1985). Research have revealed that consumers depend on extrinsic cues such as brand name (Agrawal Teas, 2002), price (Agrawal Teas, 2002), seller reputation (Agrawal Teas, 2002), advertising (Gutman Alden, 1985) and country-of-origin (Gutman Alden, 1985), in evaluating the value of products and brands preceding to purchase. Brand is used particularly as inherent cues (e.g. taste, performance and design) are not obtainable (Gutman Alden, 1985). This research aims to focus on an imperative gap by investigative product cue usage among consumers in Malaysia as both inherent and ext rinsic cues are predictable to influence consumers purchase intention. Inherent cues on Purchase Intention Consumers will form their possess perceptions on product cues, irrespective of their correctness as product cues are main advertising variables that pressure purchase decisions of potential customers (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). The components of cultural pressure and group conventionality have a weaker influence on attitudes than product assessment, and they are major predictors for domestic products but not for imported products (Chung Pysarchik, 2000). According to Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed (1999) Malaysian and United State consumers will also be compared in condition of their personality ethical philosophies. Furthermore, the two groups of consumers will be compared about their attitudes toward business, in most cases, and toward salespeople (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). There were several primary differences between United State and Malaysia is chosen for the assessment among these two countries (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). For example, the civilizing typology, the two cultures are different in definite significant values (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). It has constantly found real differences in moral perceptions in United State compared to Malaysia (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). Beside that, a study by Chung Pysarchik (2000) on cross-cultural differences within the apply of inherent and extrinsic product cues on consumers assessment and purchase intention for an attire product in China and Korea has reported that there were several differences in Chinese and Korean in assessing quality, worthy and purchase intentions. Findings have exposed that design was a stronger forecaster of purchase intention among Korean consumer (Chung Pysarchik, 2000). In brief, Korean consumers become visible to decide value of an attire product by comparing physical quality and design to price suitability, whereas Chinese consumers perception of value appear to be mainly reliant on their price perceptions (Chung Pysarchik, 2000). In addition, the research by Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez (1995) the possibility of standardizing European advertising has been questioned on the basis of trade and industry, cultural, and behavioral differences among European consumers. Particularly, it compares British and German consumers through observe to automobile purchases, insertion exacting importance on quantifying the relation importance of country-of-origin and environmental cues in a multi-cue context (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). Inherent cues are conceptualized as the attributes that should not be distorted or manipulated without changing the physical characteristics of the product itself (Gutman Alden, 1985). In inherent cues it might be hypothesized that inherent cues with slight consequence to consumers when evaluating an automobile. Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed (1999) study have shaped an opposing consequence. Their findings have exposed that inherent cues are possible to have a better collision on product assessments than extrinsic cues (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). Automobile purchase is a high contribution product and its difficult for consumers who do not have any technical background (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). Since automobile is a physical product, consumers more often assess product by using inherent cues such as color, design and specifications of the automobile (Gutman Alden, 1985) and extrinsic cues which is brand name, retailer reputation and price (Agrawal Teas, 2002). Since it is luxurious, it is bought once in a while. It is apparent to be dangerous and is extremely self expressive (Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta Ahmed, 1999). Country of Origin on Purchase Intention In given that to determining the work of country of origin has develop into one of the extensively research concepts in promotion and consumers behavior (Peterson Jolibert, 1995). It is one of the majority extensively deliberate phenomena in all the international business, promotion, and consumers behavior joint (Peterson Jolibert, 1995). It is unambiguous that a products country of origin can pressure consumers evaluative judgments of the product (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). These researches have established that consumers from miscellaneous countries have different perception about products produce in different countries (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). Also, it is acknowledged that there is a better requirement to determine consumers attitude towards both domestic and foreign products (Ozsomer Cavusgil, 1991). Several researches in this area have alert on what is called the country of origin consequence, investigating how consumers recognize products sourced from a exacting country (Peterson Jolibert, 1995). Country of origin is distinct as the country of produce or assembly (Ozsomer Cavusgil, 1991). This refers to the final point of produce which can be the same as the headquarters of the organization doing the marketing of the product or the brand name (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). Precedent country-of-origin research is mainly leaning towards consumer evaluations of product quality (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). Results on American buyers perception on product made in Eastern Europe have shown that industrial buyer usually felt that the quality of goods manufactured in West European countries was higher than the quality of products manufactured in the Eastern (Huddleston, Good Stoel, 2001). While country-of-origin belongings have been deliberate for over twenty five years, most of the research is restricted to uni-national products connecting a single country-of origin (Ozsomer Cavusgil, 1991). In recent times, the minority researchers have ongoing to observe the country-of-origin possessions in the circumstance of multi-country surroundings, making a dissimilarity among country of construct or assembly and the country of the companys headquarters (Huddleston, Good Stoel, 2001). For example, Anurit, Newman Chansarkar (1999) found that with the intention of designed for bi-national products; country of manufacture has superior possessions on top of consumer evaluations of product quality than does the brand name. In addition, Ozsomer Cavusgil (1991) found that there is no benefit in by means of a country with apparent greater design ability to improve product quality perception if the country assembly location is already apparent to produce poor quality products. Country of origin might be less important than has usually been supposed and they might happen mainly in relation to assessment of detailed attributes rather than overall evaluations (Huddleston, Good Stoel, 200 1). Consequently, there is no inquiry that country of origin consequence does exist and made-in typecast can be modify at least in the long-standing. Analyzing information throughout the use of structural modeling, Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez (1995) found rejection direct association of country of origin on purchase intentions and this confirms Peterson Jolibert (1995) doubts that country of origin evaluations has modest or rejection direct pressure on purchase intentions. This led researchers to conclude that the pressure of country of origin is more possible to function throughout supplementary variables rather than straight on purchase intentions (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). According to Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez (1995) the connection between country-of-origin possessions and branding has newly attracted rehabilitated concentration. For car manufacturers, country-of-origin possessions are of exacting significance (Diamantopoulos, Schlegelmilch Preez, 1995). Alternatively, they have achieved an extremely worldwide organization of manufacture processes which makes it ever more complicated for common consu

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Choice in Oedipus the King - Fates Triump

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Choice in Oedipus the King - Fate's Triumph At the core of any tragedy there is a cruel change of fortune involved. This change of fortune is a key factor in man's demise and it can result in speculation that perhaps the gods plotted his ruin out of malice. To blame a higher power is the easy way to rationalize the downfall, but upon further investigation it becomes clear that it is actually man's attempt to escape his fate that leads to tragedy. Only when Oedipus was ruined did he realize his efforts to avoid what was pre-ordained were useless. Douglas Johnston states that "choice is at the heart of tragedy" (Johnston 14). In Sophocles' play Oedipus Rex Laius, Jocasta and Oedipus all choose to ignore Apollo's oracle; this decision, to attempt to escape fate, sets off a chain of events that leads to the defeat of these characters. We can only wonder how their lives may have differed if not for these fatal decisions. If one assumes that any attempts to control one's destiny will result in tragedy does the opposite also ring true? Perhaps the way to cheat fate is simply to accept it. Even before his birth Laius and Jocasta have been told that their son's fate is to kill his father and marry his mother. They are determined to save themselves and decide that Oedipus must be killed before he is old enough to carry out the prophecy. This attempt to beat the gods immediately begins Oedipus' journey to ruin as he grows up in nearby Corinth thinking that his parents are King Polybus and Queen Meropà ©. By assuming Polybus and Meropà © are his true parents Oedipus is in a situation where he can unknowingly kill his true father and marry his true mother. At the same time Jocasta and Laiu... ...it is a natural human instinct to seek to avoid one's fate when one knows something bad will happen. Even if man knows he is headed for doom it is one's foolishness, determination and stubborn nature that makes one try to fight the losing battle against destiny. The destruction of Oedipus in Sophocles' play is not an isolated occurrence; rather it is a story whose lessons apply to all of mankind. Works Cited and Consulted: Johnston, Douglas, and Brian Grandy. Greek Tragedy. Ascension Collegiate. 3 Oct. 2001 <http://www.stemnet.nf.ca/~hblake/tragedy1.html>. Rose, Lloyd. "The Greek Tragedy: Doom Is Booming." Washington Post 20 Dec. 1998: G02. 2 Oct. 2001 <http://academics.vmi.edu/english/greekdrama.html>. Sophocles.   "Oedipus Rex."   An Introduction to Literature, 11th ed.Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al.   New York: Longman, 1997. 800-836.

NSA: National Security or National Stalkers? Essay

In 2010, it became legal for the National Security Agency (NSA) to access private email logs, social media accounts and other internet databases (Risen & Poitras, â€Å"N.S.A. Gathers Data on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens). Risen and Poitras (2013) explain that the intention of this change was to help protect the United States (U.S.) from future terrorist attacks and was for the general purpose of national safety. It is unclear how many terrorist attacks all of this new intelligence has actually prevented, however, it is very clear that the NSA’s actions are violating the privacy of not only American citizens, but everyone who lives on American soil. With the internet as a resource, this means that they can not only listen in to conversations, but access virtually any data that is entered via the internet. This includes credit card numbers, GPS coordinates, flight destinations, contact information for family members, personal pictures and much more. The NSA not only vio lates the constitutional rights of American citizens, it puts everyone in the country at great personal risk for crimes such as fraud and discrimination. One of the greatest issues with the access the NSA has is that it violates the constitutional privacy laws. The fourth amendment to the Bill of Rights, protects the American people â€Å"†¦against unreasonable searches†¦ but upon probable cause†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"The Bill of Rights: A Transcription†). Risen and Poitras (2013) reveal that the NSA is not even required to check that the individuals they gather information about are foreigners or have anything to do with foreign relations. This extensive access to all personal data including bank accounts, GPS coordinates and insurance information is the definition of an unreasonable search without probable cause. Everyone’s information is collected and stored before there is any reason for the government to search for it. This is in direct violation of the people’s constitutional rights. Of further concern is the deceit with which the NSA continues to address its capabilities. â€Å"Jon Stewart Slams Obama’s Domestic Spying Program† explains that although President Obama claimed that emails and phone calls of the general public were not being tracked, it later became evident that this was not the case. It turns out that the internet has become just one more tool for the government to use to spy on its resi dents. Yet the lies divulged by the NSA demonstrate that not only are  Americans being spied on, they have no way of truly knowing which of their personal information is at risk. As a result, it becomes even more difficult to protect oneself from privacy breaches and indicates the NSA, itself, is not an entity that can be trusted. After all, if they are lying about what they are collecting, there is no way of guaranteeing that they are not also lying about other aspects of their operation, including the way in which the personal information is used. Those close to NSA staff members are particularly vulnerable to internet privacy violations. In â€Å"Jon Stewart Slams Obama’s Domestic Spying Program† a news clip shows that NSA workers have been known to use their capabilities to spy on their loved ones. Clearly the private internet information collected by the NSA can and is misused on a regular basis. According to â€Å"The NSA’s New Spy Facilities Are 7 Times Bigger than the Pentagon† the agency has thousands of employees who are apparently able to use their resources to spy on anyone they are personally interested in. This could lead to the destruction of personal relationships and very dangerous behavior such as stalking or even murder. Another large group of vulnerable individuals are those who bank online. Anyone who uses the internet to make purchases or even view their banking information becomes at an increased risk of fraud. Not only does the NSA have access to all of their information, the mere existence of it means that it can be hacked into or even leaked. Persons of all socioeconomic backgrounds are now vulnerable to theft of their hard earned money as a result of the NSA’s alleged attempt to prevent terrorism. Furthermore, the bank information can be used in such a way that it not only deplete funds, but permanently destroys credit backgrounds and entire identities. According to Risen and Poitras (2013) all foreigners are at a greater risk for being monitored online. This includes both groups that are legally and illegally present in the U.S. and even those who have obtained citizenship. Although the purpose of spying on foreign residents more heavily appears to address the need to prevent terrorism, many (if not most) of these individuals have done nothing to warrant a search of their virtual belongings. It is as if the NSA presumes that everyone could be guilty unless they are proven innoce nt, which is the exact opposite of the way in which the U.S. judicial court operates. In fact, such tactics are a blatant form of discrimination. Mental health patients are also at particular risk. Although their  information is supposed to be confidential and kept strictly between a patient and doctor, the NSA is able to view these communications when they occur online. Such access essentially vetoes the doctor-patient confidentiality agreement. A potential result is the decrease in trust within these delicate relationships and, furthermore, a decline in treatment success. Kaiser patients, for example, are able to email their doctors to access their services more quickly and conveniently. Since these emails can be viewed by the NSA, patients may resist using this valuable resource. Some patients may refrain from revealing information altogether, even via a face-to-face appointment, since medical records are now often published within internet systems for the purpose of more efficient care. Finally, innocent children are put at risk by the NSA’s monitoring of private internet information. Whether parents want to share photographs of their pride and joy with family or tweens are exploring their social relationships, the NSA is watching. For any parent is uncomfortable to think that a stranger, whether or not they work for the government, can view pictures or information about a child with the click of a button. This group may also be the least protected online because they may not know that their information can secretly be seen. Although parents can try to safeguard their youngsters from the general public via computer restrictions and monitoring, they cannot protect them from the capabilities of the NSA. In conclusion, the NSA may be causing more harm than good with their legalized privacy breaches. Everyone is at risk, whether they are aware of it or not. It appears that the potential harm to society is not being weighed properly against the desired gain. There is not denying that it is in the best interest of all American residents that terrorism be prevented, however, the current tactics being used seem inefficient and costly to our society. Innocent people are being persecuted while criminals find ways around this flawed system of spies. If the public is aware that they are being monitored, terrorists are aware as well. It would be in the best interest of the NSA to find alternate, and more sophisticated ways to identify potential hazards instead of surveying the entire U.S. population via the internet. In fact, it is likely that the dangerous persons we seek will be the first to remove relevant communications from the internet, given the circumstances. By creating paranoia and destroying the U.S. quality of  life, we may be creating exactly what terrorist parties are working to achieve. Works Cited â€Å"The Bill of Rights: A Transcription.† National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration. Web. 31 Aug. 2014. . â€Å"The Constitution.† The Constitution. Web. 01 Sept. 2014. . â€Å"Jon Stewart Slams Obama’s Domestic Spying Program.† YouTube. YouTube. Web. 01 Sept. 2014. . â€Å"The NSA’s New Spy Facilities Are 7 Times Bigger Than the Pentagon.† Defense One. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. . Risen, James, and Laura Poitras. â€Å"N.S.A. Gathers Data on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens.† The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Sept. 2013. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. .